centos 7 硬盘扩容过程
虚拟机，硬盘空间满，原采用lvm磁盘分区。 大概过程如下：磁盘 => 分区 => PV => VG => LV => 文件系统
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添加硬盘
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查看环境
less /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
现有硬盘空间情况
df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 29669220 3672600 25996620 13% /
devtmpfs 3995128 0 3995128 0% /dev
tmpfs 4005328 0 4005328 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 4005328 8660 3996668 1% /run
tmpfs 4005328 0 4005328 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/morris-lv01 262011908 259423252 2588656 100% /srv
/dev/sda1 508588 289872 218716 57% /boot
tmpfs 801068 0 801068 0% /run/user/0
文件系统配置文件内容
less /etc/fstab
#
/etc/fstab
Created by anaconda on Thu Jul 10 07:18:36 2014
#
Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk’
See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
# /dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 1 1 UUID=f5a3af00-b538-456f-8aae-fe787f5baf53 /boot xfs defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 /dev/mapper/morris-lv01 /srv xfs defaults 0 0 </code>
磁盘分区情况
fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 34.4 GB, 34359738368 bytes, 67108864 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000a6701
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux /dev/sda2 1026048 67108863 33041408 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdc: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb: 268.4 GB, 268435456000 bytes, 524288000 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 3435 MB, 3435134976 bytes, 6709248 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 30.4 GB, 30396121088 bytes, 59367424 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/morris-lv01: 268.4 GB, 268431261696 bytes, 524279808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
</code>
显示LVM卷组的信息
vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 31.51 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 8066
Alloc PE / Size 8066 / 31.51 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID lE0V3z-UjaD-B3m2-rRrp-vMhf-odIp-VYIs8S
— Volume group —
VG Name morris
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 250.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 63999
Alloc PE / Size 63999 / 250.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID TJFfFD-G7zB-EYBP-UkvT-J5QA-A93g-EyoYS1
</code>
- 添加卷组 将刚加入的物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷，以便LVM使用。
pvcreate /dev/sdc
Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created
- 将整块物理卷扩展到morris卷组
vgextend morris /dev/sdc
Volume group "morris" successfully extended
查看卷组情况
vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 31.51 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 8066
Alloc PE / Size 8066 / 31.51 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID lE0V3z-UjaD-B3m2-rRrp-vMhf-odIp-VYIs8S
— Volume group —
VG Name morris
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 349.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 89598
Alloc PE / Size 63999 / 250.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 25599 / 100.00 GiB
VG UUID TJFfFD-G7zB-EYBP-UkvT-J5QA-A93g-EyoYS1
</code> Free PE / Size 25599 / 100.00 GiB 为增加的硬盘
显示当前lv
lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name centos
LV UUID WY7c7k-2Sz3-LEGE-Mq3s-okFP-I5Cp-MBT3cq
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2014-07-10 15:18:34 +0800
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 3.20 GiB
Current LE 819
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192 Block device 253:0
— Logical volume — LV Path /dev/centos/root LV Name root VG Name centos LV UUID QkdwSd-PCjN-CnZo-WHfJ-BTRT-vJsx-djy1ti LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost, 2014-07-10 15:18:34 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 28.31 GiB Current LE 7247 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192 Block device 253:1
— Logical volume — LV Path /dev/morris/lv01 LV Name lv01 VG Name morris LV UUID E5ja0r-uYXs-0ycD-jY2v-a8JF-Kx13-5DLG6E LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2014-07-10 16:16:15 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 250.00 GiB Current LE 63999 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192 Block device 253:2 </code>
- 在线扩展逻辑卷的空间大小 在线扩展逻辑卷的空间到/dev/morris/lv01，全部用到lv01
lvextend -L +99G /dev/morris/lv01
Size of logical volume morris/lv01 changed from 250.00 GiB (63999 extents) to 349.00 GiB (89343 extents).
Logical volume lv01 successfully resized.
查看vg和lv
vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 31.51 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 8066
Alloc PE / Size 8066 / 31.51 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID lE0V3z-UjaD-B3m2-rRrp-vMhf-odIp-VYIs8S
— Volume group —
VG Name morris
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 349.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 89598
Alloc PE / Size 89343 / 349.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 255 / 1020.00 MiB ———————–<1G
VG UUID TJFfFD-G7zB-EYBP-UkvT-J5QA-A93g-EyoYS1
</code>
查看逻辑卷
lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name centos
LV UUID WY7c7k-2Sz3-LEGE-Mq3s-okFP-I5Cp-MBT3cq
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2014-07-10 15:18:34 +0800
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 3.20 GiB
Current LE 819
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192 Block device 253:0
— Logical volume — LV Path /dev/centos/root LV Name root VG Name centos LV UUID QkdwSd-PCjN-CnZo-WHfJ-BTRT-vJsx-djy1ti LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost, 2014-07-10 15:18:34 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 28.31 GiB Current LE 7247 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192 Block device 253:1
— Logical volume — LV Path /dev/morris/lv01 LV Name lv01 VG Name morris LV UUID E5ja0r-uYXs-0ycD-jY2v-a8JF-Kx13-5DLG6E LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2014-07-10 16:16:15 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 349.00 GiB Current LE 89343 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192 Block device 253:2
</code>
查看硬盘分区情况
df -H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 31G 3.8G 27G 13% /
devtmpfs 4.1G 0 4.1G 0% /dev
tmpfs 4.2G 0 4.2G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 4.2G 8.9M 4.1G 1% /run
tmpfs 4.2G 0 4.2G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/morris-lv01 269G 266G 2.7G 100% /srv
/dev/sda1 521M 297M 224M 57% /boot
tmpfs 821M 0 821M 0% /run/user/0
- xfs_growfs扩展XFS文件系统 xfs_growfs将会自动扩展XFS文件系统到最大的可用大小
xfs_growfs /dev/morris/lv01
meta-data=/dev/mapper/morris-lv01 isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=16383744 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0 finobt=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=65534976, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=31999, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 65534976 to 91487232
查看硬盘分区情况
df -H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 31G 3.8G 27G 13% /
devtmpfs 4.1G 0 4.1G 0% /dev
tmpfs 4.2G 0 4.2G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 4.2G 8.9M 4.1G 1% /run
tmpfs 4.2G 0 4.2G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/morris-lv01 375G 266G 109G 71% /srv
/dev/sda1 521M 297M 224M 57% /boot
tmpfs 821M 0 821M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/morris-lv01 375G 266G 109G 71% /srv
显示成功添加完成。
- 出错信息
resize2fs -p /dev/morris/lv01
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/morris/lv01
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.
[
若xfs，不能用resize2fs